汪逢春生平年代考
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: #993300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: #993300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">汪逢春生平年代考</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: #993300"><p /></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">原载《中华医史杂志》</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1999</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年第</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">期</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)<p /></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">汪逢春先生是北京四大名医之一，与施今墨、孔伯华、萧龙友齐名。但关于汪逢春先生生平业绩的文献记载却甚少。近年来出版的书籍中，仅有的几处涉及汪逢春先生生平的地方，在其生平年代上还有颇多出入之处。鉴于汪逢春在近现代北京中医发展史上的重要地位，有必要对其生平年代作—考证、关于汪逢春先生的生平，《泊庐医案·序》是最重要的参考文献。《泊庐医案》是在汪逢春生前，由其门人弟子整理刊印的汪逢春医案。该书序言中关于汪逢春生平的记载，当是可信的。但遗憾的是《泊庐医案·序》中的记载过于简略，一些涉及汪先生生平的年代仍需进一步考证。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">据《泊庐医案·序》，汪逢春出生于江苏的名门望族之家，幼年求学于吴中名医艾步蟾老先生门下。学成之后，他“壮岁游京”，“悬壶京市，逾三十年”。《泊庐医案·序》写于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1941</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年，依“悬壶京市，逾三十年”反推，可知汪逢春自江苏晋京行医的时间应不迟于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1910</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">汪逢春自江苏晋京的时间大体确定之后，可进一步考证其出生年份：关于汪逢春的生卒年份，方</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">种不同的文献记载。其一是《中国现代名中医医案精华·汪逢春医案》</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">董建华主编，北京出版社</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">关于汪逢春的生平传略中，称其生于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1882</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年，卒于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1948</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年。《中医人物辞典》</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">上海辞书出版社</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">和《中国当代医学家荟萃》</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">韩光、张宇舟主编，吉林科技出版社</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">所述的江逢春生卒年份也与此相同；其二是《中医大辞典》</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">人民卫生出版社</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">中的汪逢春词条，称其生于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1887</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">午，个于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1948</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年。其三是《中国现代名医传》</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">黄树则主编，北京科学普及出版社</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">与《中医人名辞典》</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">李云主编，国际文化出版公司</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">，称汪逢春生于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1884</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年，卒于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1949</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">关于汪逢春的出生年份，各文献记载出入较大。若按《中医大辞典》之说，汪逢春生于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1887</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年，则即便他是</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1910</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年晋京，也仅</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">23</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">岁，显然与《泊庐医案·序》提到的“壮岁游京”不符。按《中国现代名中医医案精华·汪逢吞医案》，汪逢春生于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1882</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">午，昔</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1910</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年晋京，时年已</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">28</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">岁，依当时人们的平均寿命，此年龄已可称“壮岁”。因此，汪逢春生于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1882</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年一说较为可信。此外，生于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1884</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年一说也是可能</span><span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">关丁汪逢春在北京行医历经的时间，《中国现代名中医医案精华》、《中医人物辞典》、《中国当代医学家荟萃》等文献都称其“悬壶京都三十年”，这一说法显然有误。汪逢春晋京时间为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1910</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年或在此之前。但按其生于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1882</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">或</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1884</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">，以及“壮岁游京”之说，其晋京时间不可能较</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1910</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年早很多．而应很接近于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1910</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年。汪逢存的卒华为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1948</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年或</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1949</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年。出此，汪逢春在北京行医历经的时间应为近</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">40</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年，而不是</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">50</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">汪逢春为培养中医人才，曾举办了北京市医学讲习会。据《泊庐医案·序》，医学讲习会第一班毕业于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1941</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年。第一班学员有赵绍琴、秦厚生、李鼎铭、谢子衡、于傅岩、岳中谦、冯仰曾等</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">人。笔者的父亲吴兆祥亦是医学讲习会第一班学员。《中国现代名中医医案精华·汪逢春医案》称医学讲刁会第—班毕业于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1938</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年，此说有误。《泊庐医案·序》中提及</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1938</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年春季汪逢春曾携第一班的学员登北海琼岛，“假揽翠轩，杯酒言欢，讲授诸书”。《中国现代名中医医案精华·汪逢春医案》可能是将这一出游的时间误作讲习会第一班毕业的时间了。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">《泊庐医案》是研究汪逢春学术思想和医疗经验的宝贵文献。《中国现代名中医医案精华》一书的前言对《泊庐医案》给予了高度的评价，将《泊庐医案》与《石山医案》、《李中梓医案》、《临证指南医案》、《薛生白医案》、《丁甘仁医案》、《祝选施今墨医案》等并称为流传较广的名医个人医案。但遗憾的是，《中国现代名中医医案精华·汪逢春医案》中提及的《泊庐医案》刊印时间有误。《泊庐医案》是在讲习会第一班毕业之时，即</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1941</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年刊印的。《中国现代名中医医案精华·汪逢春医案》中关于第一班毕业的时间有误，因而也将《泊庐医案》刊印时间误为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1938</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年。</span></font></p> 很詳細的資料，收藏了，謝謝。。。 楼主你有汪逢春更详细的资料嘛. 引用第2楼汪语晨于2009-05-17 08:29发表的:楼主你有汪逢春更详细的资料嘛.
楼主提供了很多可以查找的记录,有心的自然可以查到想要的资料了呵呵 他是我爷爷。他死的时候我爸还只有2岁左右。我想到北京去找他 汪逢春（1884.6.13至1949.9.19），字朝甲，号凤椿。吴县人，夫人顾坤仪。
长女德贞（允怡），1904年生于苏州；
长子绍楹（孟涵），1906年生于北京；
次子绍奎（辰叔），1909年生于北京；
1911年，辞去职务，于北京前门外五斗斋内，凭屋三楹，正式以医为业。
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很珍贵的资料，收藏了。谢谢楼主。
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